Inadequate intake of fruits during pregnancy is related with higher sugars intake in the offspring at 3 years of age.

Científica

Investigación y estudios

Impreso: Memorias

Objetive: We aimed to identify the relationship between the nutrition status before pregnancy (normo weight, overweight, obesity and gestational diabetes), the fruits intake of the mothers during pregnancy and the intake of sugar, sweets and pastries of the offspring at 3 years of age. Methods: The study was performed in a selected group of 44 mother-child pairs participating in the PREOBE project (www.ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01634464). The dietary assessment was performed with a food frequency questionnaire at 24 weeks gestation and was analyzed according to the dietary recommendations for pregnancy of the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). In the same way, dietary assessment in children at 3 years of age was performed with 3-day food diary and the percentage of total energy value from sugar, sweets and pastries was calculated using the DIAL software for assessing diets and food calculations (Version 2.16 2012). ANOVA test and multiple linear regression model were used for data analysis with IBM SPSS Statistics 21.0. Dependent variable was the percentage of total energy value from sugar, sweets and pastries in the children's diet, and independent variables were the intake of fruits in mothers according to the USDA recommendations and the preconceptional nutritional status. Results: The dietary intake from the mothers and their children don't achieve the USDA recommendations in none the food groups (p < 0.05). During gestation the mothers had a greater intake of fruit, vegetables and dairy food according to the USDA recommendations, meanwhile the intake of their children at 3 years of age in the majority of food groups, except protein food, was lower according to the USDA recommendations. The children born from women that not achieve the fruit dietary recommendations (at least 2 cups per day) during the second trimester of pregnancy, had a higher %TEV from SSP (5.6±3.6) versus the children born from women that achieve the recommendations (2.8± 2.8) R=0.277; b=-3.25; p=0.02. Although it is not related with the preconceptional nutritional status. Conclusion: A higher intake sugary foods in children at 3 year of age is associated with the inadequate fruits intake in the mothers during the second trimester of pregnancy, regardless of the preconceptional nutrition status. These results support the hypothesis that the intrauterine nutrition causes permanent changes in the fetus that could modify the infant feeding practices and it lead to obesity in postnatal life. *Supported by the Andalusian Goverment. Economy, Science and Innovation Ministry (PREOBE Excellence Project Ref. P06-CTS-02341).

Parejo-Laudicina E1, Ladino L1,2, Moreno-Torres R1, Campoy C1,3,
and the PREOBE Study Group
1 EURISTIKOS Excellence Centre for Paediatric Research. University of Granada. Granada, Spain.
2 Institute of Research in Nutrition, Genetics and Metabolism IINGM. El Bosque University. Bogotá, Colombia.
3 Department of Paediatrics. University of Granada. Granada, Spain.

2278-7542

International Journal of Community Nutrition